I-Strontium carbonate
I-Strontium carbonate iyimpahla ebalulekile yezimboni enezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa.I-carbonate mineral, eyingxenye yeqembu le-aragonite, elingavamile futhi livela ku-limestone noma i-marlstone ngesimo semithambo.Emvelweni, itholakala kakhulu ngesimo se-mineral rhodochrosite ne-strontite, ehlala ne-barium carbonate, i-barite, i-calcite, i-celestite, i-fluorite ne-sulfide, ayinaphunga futhi ayinambitheki, ikakhulukazi impushana emhlophe emhlophe noma i-rhombic crystal engenambala, noma empunga, ephuzi-mhlophe, oluhlaza noma onsundu uma ungenwe ukungcola.Ikristalu ye-Strontium carbonate imise okwenaliti, futhi inhlanganisela yayo iningi izinaliti eziyimbudumbudu, ezikholamu, nezinomsakazo.Ukubukeka kwayo akunambala, kumhlophe, okuphuzi okuluhlaza okotshani, nokucwebezela kwengilazi okukhanyelayo, ukucwebezela kukawoyela ophukile, okufiphalayo, nokukhanya okuluhlaza okubuthakathaka okukhanyayo ngaphansi komsebe we-cathode.I-Strontium carbonate izinzile, ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika kancane ku-ammonia, i-ammonium carbonate ne-carbon dioxide saturated aqueous solution, futhi ayincibiliki otshwaleni.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-strontium carbonate nayo iyimpahla ebalulekile ye-celestite, umthombo wamaminerali ongavamile.Njengamanje, i-celestite yezinga eliphezulu isicishe yaphela.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yomhlaba, inkambu yokusetshenziswa kwe-strontium nayo yandile.Kusukela ekhulwini le-19 kuya ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, abantu basebenzisa i-strontium hydroxide ukuze benze ushukela futhi bahlanze isiraphu yebhitrudi;Phakathi nezimpi zezwe ezimbili, izakhi ze-strontium zazisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni iziqhumane namabhomu ezimpawu;Ngawo-1920 no-1930, i-strontium carbonate yayisetshenziswa njenge-desulfurizer yokwenza insimbi ukuze kukhishwe isulfure, i-phosphorus nezinye izinto eziyingozi;Ngawo-1950, i-strontium carbonate yayisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-zinc ekukhiqizeni i-zinc electrolytic, ngobumsulwa be-99.99%;Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, i-strontium carbonate yayisetshenziswa kabanzi njengento kazibuthe;I-Strontium titanate isetshenziswa njengenkumbulo yekhompyutha, futhi i-strontium chloride isetshenziswa njengamafutha e-rocket;Ngo-1968, i-strontium carbonate yasetshenziswa engilazini yesikrini se-TV enombala ngoba yatholakala isetshenziselwa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela i-X-ray.Manje isidingo sikhula ngokushesha futhi sesiphenduke enye yezinkambu eziyinhloko ze-strontium;I-Strontium iphinde yandisa ububanzi bokusebenza kwayo kweminye imikhakha.Kusukela lapho, i-strontium carbonate nezinye izinhlanganisela ze-strontium (usawoti we-strontium) njengezisetshenziswa ezibalulekile zikasawoti we-inorganic zithole ukunakwa nokunakwa okusabalele.
Njengempahla ebalulekile yezimboni, i-strontium carbonateisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni amashubhu ezithombe, abaqaphi, abaqaphi bezimboni, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, njll.Ngasikhathi sinye, i-strontium carbonate nayo iyisisetshenziswa esiyinhloko sokulungiswa kwe-metallic strontium nosawoti ohlukahlukene we-strontium.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-strontium carbonate ingasetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizeni iziqhumane, ingilazi ye-fluorescent, amabhomu esignali, ukwenza amaphepha, imithi, ama-reagents okuhlaziya, ukucwenga ushukela, ukucwenga i-zinc metal electrolyte, ukukhiqizwa kosawoti we-strontium, njll. -i-purity strontium carbonate, efana namasethi we-TV anombala wesikrini esikhulu, izibonisi zemibala zamakhompuyutha nezinto ezisebenza kahle kazibuthe, njll. Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-strontium e-Japan, e-United States, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile kwehle unyaka nonyaka ngenxa ekuncipheni kwemithambo yamaminerali, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zamandla kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.Kuze kube manje, imakethe yokufaka isicelo ye-strontium carbonate ingabonakala.
Manje, sizokwethula ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwe-strontium carbonate:
Okokuqala, i-strontium carbonate ihlukaniswe ngokucaciswa kwe-granular kanye ne-powdery.I-granular isetshenziswa kakhulu engilazini ye-TV e-China, kanti impushana isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinto kazibuthe ze-strontium ferrite, ukuncibilikisa insimbi engavuni, i-pyrotechnic heartliver ebomvu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-high-purity strontium carbonate yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi eziphambili njenge-PTC, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ingilazi ye-TV kanye nengilazi yokubonisa, i-strontium ferrite, izinto zikazibuthe kanye ne-nonferrous metal desulfurization, futhi isetshenziswa nasekukhiqizeni iziqhumane, ingilazi ekhanyayo, ibhomu lesiginali, ukwenza iphepha, umuthi, i-reagent yokuhlaziya kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza ezinye. usawoti we-strontium.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-strontium carbonate ezinhlelweni zikagesi yilezi:
Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza isamukeli sikamabonakude esinemibala (CTV) ukuze simunce ama-electron akhiqizwe yi-cathode
1.Ukwenziwa kwe-strontium ferrite yezibuthe ezihlala njalo ezisetshenziswa kuzikhulisa-zwi nozibuthe beminyango.
2.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cathode ray tube ye-TV yombala
3.Iphinde isetshenziswe kuma-electromagnets kanye ne-strontium ferrite
4.Ingenziwa amamotho amancane, izihlukanisi kazibuthe nezipikha
5.Munca ama-X-ray
I-6.Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amanye ama-superconductors, njenge-BSCO, kanye nezinto zokwakha ze-electroluminescent.Okokuqala, ibalwa ku-SrO, bese ixutshwa nesibabule ukwenza i-SrS: x, lapho u-x ngokuvamile eyi-europium.
Embonini ye-ceramic, i-strontium carbonate idlala indima enjalo:
1.Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesithako se-glaze.
2.Isebenza njenge-flux
3.Shintsha umbala wamanye ama-oxide ensimbi.
Kunjalo,ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-strontium carbonate kunjengombala oshibhile kuziqhumane.
Ngamafuphi, i-strontium carbonate isetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni ingilazi ye-TV kanye nengilazi yokubonisa, i-strontium ferrite, izinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe kanye ne-nonferrous metal desulfurization nezinye izimboni, noma ekukhiqizeni iziqhumane, ingilazi ye-fluorescent, amabhomu esignali, ukwenza amaphepha, imithi. , ama-reagents okuhlaziya nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza amanye ama-salts e-strontium.
Ngokwezibalo, iShayina inamabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-20 ahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni i-strontium carbonate, enamandla okukhiqiza minyaka yonke amathani angu-289000, ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni kanye nomthengi wamagill ane-carbonated, futhi athumela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba, ejabulela idumela eliphezulu. emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.Ngokwezibalo zamasiko, ukuthunyelwa kwe-strontium carbonate eChina eminyakeni yamuva nje kungamathani angu-78700 ngo-2003, amathani angu-98000 ngo-2004 kanye namathani angu-33000 ngo-2005, okubalelwa ku-34.25%, 36.8% kanye no-39.27% wezwe lonke, ne-39.27%. Amaphesenti angama-54.7 kanye nama-57.8% ohwebo lwezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe.I-Celestite, okuwumthako oyinhloko we-strontium carbonate, iyiminerali eyivelakancane emhlabeni futhi iwumthombo wamaminerali ongavamile ongavuselelwa.
Njengoba sonke sazi, i-strontium iwumthombo wamaminerali obalulekile onokusetshenziswa okubanzi.Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwawo ukucubungula usawoti we-strontium, njenge-strontium carbonate, i-strontium titanate, i-nitrate, i-strontium oxide, i-strontium chloride, i-strontium chromate, i-strontium ferrite, njll. Phakathi kwazo, inani elikhulu kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-strontium carbonate.
E-China, i-strontium carbonate yethu inenzuzo ethile mayelana nokuhlinzekwa nokukhiqiza.Kungashiwo ukuthi ithemba lemakethe le-strontium carbonate liyathembisa.
1.Indlela yokubola eyinkimbinkimbi.
I-celestite yachotshozwa futhi yasabela ngesisombululo se-soda ash 2h ekushiseni kokusabela kwe-100 ℃.I-concentration yokuqala ye-sodium carbonate ingu-20%, inani le-sodium carbonate elingeziwe liyi-110% yenani le-theoretical, kanti usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-ore powder yi-80 mesh.Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, izinga lokubola lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-97%.Ngemuva kokuhlunga, ukuhlushwa kwe-sodium sulfate ku-filtrate kungafinyelela ku-24%.Shaya i-strontium carbonate engahluziwe ngamanzi, engeza i-hydrochloric acid seasoning slurry ku-pH3, futhi ngemva kuka-2~3h ku-90~100 ℃, engeza isikhiphi se-barium ukuze ukhiphe i-barium, bese ulungisa udaka nge-ammonia ube pH6.8~7.2 ukuze ususe ukungcola .Ngemuva kokuhlunga, i-filtrate idonsa i-strontium carbonate nge-ammonium bicarbonate noma i-ammonium carbonate solution, bese ihluza ukuze ikhiphe isixazululo se-ammonium chloride.Ngemuva kokumisa ikhekhe lokuhlunga, umkhiqizo we-strontium carbonate uyalungiswa.
SrSO4+Na2CO3→SrCO3+Na2SO4
SrCO3+2HCl→SrCl2+CO2↑+H2O
SrCl2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH4Cl+HCl
2.Indlela yokunciphisa amalahle.
I-Celestite namalahle agayiwe achotshoziwe ukuze kudlule ama-meshes angu-20 njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, isilinganiso se-ore namalahle si-1: 0.6 ~ 1: 0.7, sincishisiwe futhi sigaywe ekushiseni kwe-1100 ~ 1200 ℃, ngemva kuka-0.5 ~ 1.0h, izinto ezibaliwe I-Leached kabili, igezwe kanye, ifakwe ku-90 ℃, icwiliswe amahora angu-3 isikhathi ngasinye, futhi inani eliphelele le-leaching lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-82%.Isixazululo se-leaching siyahlungwa, insalela yokuhlunga idonswa nge-hydrochloric acid, futhi i-strontium iphinde itholakale, futhi i-filtrate yengezwa ngesisombululo se-mirabilite ukuze kukhishwe i-barium, Bese wengeza i-ammonium bicarbonate noma i-sodium carbonate solution ukuze usabele ukuze ukhiqize imvula ye-strontium carbonate (noma ngqo carbonize nge-carbon dioxide), bese uhlukanisa, wome, futhi ugaye ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-strontium carbonate.
I-SrSO4+2C→SrS+2CO2
2SrS+2H2O → Sr (OH) 2+Sr (HS) 2
Sr(OH)2+Sr(HS)2+2NH4HCO3→2Sr(CO3+2NH4HS+2H2O
3.Isixazululo esishisayo se-strontium siderite.
I-strontium siderite kanye ne-coke ziyachotshozwa futhi zixutshwe ibe yingxube ngokwesilinganiso se-ore ne-coke=10:1 (isilinganiso sesisindo).Ngemva kokugazinga ku-1150 ~ 1250 ℃, ama-carbonates ayabola ukuze akhiqize i-clinker equkethe i-strontium oxide namanye ama-oxide ensimbi.I-clinker idonswa ngezinyathelo ezintathu, futhi izinga lokushisa elingcono kakhulu lingu-95 ℃.Isinyathelo sesibili nesesithathu singafakwa kuso.Yenza ku-70-80 ℃.Isixazululo se-leaching senza ukugxila kwe-strontium hydroxide kube ngu-1mol/L, okulungele ukuhlukaniswa kokungcola i-Ca2+ ne-Mg2+.Engeza i-ammonium bicarbonate ku-filtrate ye-carbonization ukuze uthole i-strontium carbonate.Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa, ukomiswa nokuchotshozwa, i-strontium carbonate eqediwe iyatholakala.
SrCO3→SrO+C02↑
SrO+H2O→Sr(OH)2
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3↓+NH3·H2O+H2O
4. Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele.
Kusuka ku-brine engaphansi komhlaba equkethe i-bromine ne-strontium, i-strontium equkethe utshwala kamama ngemva kokukhipha i-bromine iyasuswa ngomcako, ihwamuke, igxiliswe futhi ipholiswe, bese kukhishwa i-sodium chloride, bese i-calcium ikhishwa nge-caustic soda, bese yengezwa i-ammonium bicarbonate ukuze iguqulwe. i-strontium hydroxide ibe imvula ye-strontium carbonate, bese iyahlanzwa futhi yomiswa ukuze kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo ye-strontium carbonate.
SrC12+2NaOH→Sr(OH)2+2NaCl
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH3·H2O+H2O
Hewu!Uyazi, i-Wit-Stone yinkampani enhle kakhulu!Isevisi inhle kakhulu, ukupakishwa komkhiqizo muhle kakhulu, isivinini sokulethwa sishesha kakhulu, futhi kukhona abasebenzi abaphendula imibuzo nge-inthanethi amahora angama-24 ngosuku.
Inkonzo yenkampani iyamangaza ngempela.Zonke izimpahla ezitholiwe zipakishwe kahle futhi zinamathiselwe amamaki afanele.Ukupakishwa kuqinile futhi isivinini sokuhamba siyashesha.
Izinga lemikhiqizo liphakeme ngokuphelele.Ngamangala, isimo sengqondo senkonzo yenkampani kusukela ngesikhathi sokwamukela uphenyo kuze kube yisikhathi lapho ngiqinisekisa ukuthi ukwamukela izimpahla kwakusezingeni lokuqala, okwangenza ngazizwa ngifudumele kakhulu futhi ngijabule kakhulu.
