Liyini igobolondo likakhukhunathi elisuselwa kukhabhoni ecushiwe?
Igobolondo likakhukhunathi elisekwe kukhabhoni ecushiwe wuhlobo olulodwa olukhulu lwamakhabhoni acushiwe akhombisa izinga eliphezulu lama-micropores, okulenza lifaneleke kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlunga amanzi.Igobolondo likakhukhunathi ikhabhoni ecushiwe ithathwa ezihlahleni zikakhukhunathi ezingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-70, ngakho-ke ingathathwa njengensiza evuselelekayo.Lolu hlobo lwekhabhoni lunobulukhuni obuphezulu nezici zokusebenza kokuhlunga okwenza kube ukukhetha okuphelele kwezinhlelo eziningi zokwelashwa.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqiza kuhlanganisa inqubo yokushisa kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-pyrolysis lapho amagobolondo eguqulwa abe yi-char elandelwa izinqubo zokugeleza kwamanzi ku-F.
I-BR (i-fluidized bed reactor) lapho ikhabhoni yenziwa yasebenza khona.I-FBR iqukethe i-rotary kiln, engamamitha angu-20 ubude kanye no-2.4 m ububanzi lapho ikhabhoni icushwa khona emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-1000 degrees Celsius (1800 F).
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, osayizi kanye nezici zokusebenza zingaqondiswa ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ezikhethwe ngokucophelela, izinga lokushisa lokuqalisa, isikhathi sokwenza kusebenze futhi ngokushintshashintsha ukugcwala kwamagesi e-oxidation.Ngemva kokwenza kusebenze umusi, ikhabhoni ingahlelwa ngosayizi abahlukahlukene bembudumbudu kusetshenziswa osayizi abahlukene bemeshi.
I-WIT-STONEinikeza noma iyiphi ikhabhoni kakhukhunathi yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza
I-WIT-STONE inikezela ngokukhethwa kwegama okubanzi kakhulu nokuncintisana kakhulu kwegobolondo likakhukhunathi elicushwe ikhabhoni
futhi ihanjiswa emhlabeni wonke.Singakwazi ukukhiqiza ikhabhoni ecushiwe eyisipesheli neyakhiwe ngendlela efanele, izinhlobo zethu ezijwayelekile namasayizi aqinisekisiwe ukuphatha imisebenzi yokwelapha enzima kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kwe-carbon activated carbon
Izinga le-adsorption legobolondo likakhukhunathi elicushwe i-carbon ku-organic solvent ngokuvamile lizokwehla uma liqukethe amanzi noma igesi egelezayo imanzi.Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenzisa igobolondo likakhukhunathi i-activated carbon engagcina ikhulu
umthamo we-adsorption esimweni esimanzi, usengasetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ngaphansi kwezimo ezingafanelekile ukubuyisela, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokubuyiselwa kwe-solvent okungase kushiswe ngenxa ye-oxidation nokubola.Ngokuthambisa igesi ye-adsorption, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwegobolondo likakhukhunathi elicushiwe le-carbon layer kungacindezelwa, okuba yisimo esibalulekile sokukhetha igobolondo likakhukhunathi ikhabhoni ecushiwe.
Umthamo wokuhlunga nokusebenza kuncike ezintweni eziningi nezici zekhabhoni.Ngokukhethekile, igobolondo likakhukhunathi elicushiwe liyaziwa ngamazinga alo aphezulu obulukhuni, ubumsulwa kanye nokuqukethwe komlotha ophansi.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kwekhabhoni ecushiwe
Ngenxa yezidingo eziphezulu zokulungiswa kwamanzi kusengaphambili kanye nenani eliphezulu lekhabhoni ecushiwe, ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziswa kakhulu ukususa ukungcola okulandela umkhondo emanzini angcolile ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokucwenga okujulile.
1. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-chromium.
Inqubo yokusebenzisa ikhabhoni ecushiwe ukwelapha amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-chromium ingumphumela wokukhangiswa ngokomzimba, ukukhangiswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwehliswa kwamakhemikhali ekhabhoni ecushiwe ku-Cr (Ⅵ) esixazululweni.Ukwelashwa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe kwamanzi angcolile aqukethe i-chromium kunokusebenza kwe-adsorption okuzinzile, ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, kanye nezinzuzo ezithile zomphakathi nezomnotho.
2. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile e-cyanide.
Emkhiqizweni wezimboni, i-cyanide noma i-byproduct cyanide isetshenziswa ekukhishweni okumanzi kwegolide nesiliva, ukukhiqizwa kwemicu yamakhemikhali, i-coking, i-ammonia yokwenziwa, i-electroplating, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi nezinye izimboni, ngakho-ke inani elithile lamanzi angcolile aqukethe i-cyanide kufanele likhishwe. ohlelweni lokukhiqiza.Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwe ukuhlanza amanzi angcolile isikhathi eside
3. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-mercury.
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingakhangisa i-mercury ne-mercury-containing compounds, kodwa umthamo wayo we-adsorption unomkhawulo, futhi ifaneleka kuphela ukwelapha amanzi angcolile ngokuqukethwe kwemercury ephansi.Uma ukugcwala kwe-mercury kuphezulu, kungelashwa ngendlela yamakhemikhali yemvula.Ngemuva kokwelashwa, okuqukethwe kwe-mercury cishe ku-1mg/L, futhi kungafinyelela ku-2-3mg/L ekushiseni okuphezulu.Ngemuva kwalokho, ingaqhubeka nokwelashwa ngekhabhoni ecushiwe.
4. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile e-phenolic.
Amanzi angcolile e-Phenolic atholakala kabanzi ezitshalweni ze-petrochemical, izitshalo ze-resin, izitshalo ze-coking kanye nezitshalo zokucwenga uwoyela.Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-adsorption ye-activated carbon ye-phenol kuhle, futhi ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa akuhambisani ne-adsorption, okunciphisa amandla okukhangisa;Nokho, isikhathi sokufinyelela ukulingana kwe-adsorption kumazinga okushisa aphakeme siyafinyezwa.Inani lekhabhoni ecushiwe kanye nesikhathi se-adsorption sinevelu engcono kakhulu, futhi izinga lokususa lishintsha kancane ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-acidic nezingathathi hlangothi;Ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile ze-alkaline, izinga lokususwa kwe-phenol lehla kakhulu, futhi uma i-alkaline iqina, umphumela we-adsorption uba mubi kakhulu.
5. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-methanol.
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe ingakhanga i-methanol, kodwa umthamo wayo wokukhangisa awuqinile, futhi ifaneleka kuphela ukwelapha amanzi angcolile ngokuqukethwe kwe-methanol ephansi.Imiphumela yokusebenza kobunjiniyela ikhombisa ukuthi i-COD yotshwala obuxutshiwe ingehliswa isuka ku-40mg/L iye ngaphansi kuka-12mg/L, futhi izinga lokususwa kwe-methanol lingafinyelela ku-93.16%~100%, futhi ikhwalithi yokungcola ingahlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi yamanzi. amanzi okuphakelayo kubhayela uhlelo lwamanzi angenasawoti
Amathiphu okuthiukuhlukanisa izingaikhabhoni esebenzayo
Indlela ye-activated carbon adsorption iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu, evuthiwe, ephephile, esebenzayo nethembekile yokususa ukungcoliswa kwasendlini ekhulwini lama-21.Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zekhabhoni ecushiwe mayelana nokubukeka nokusetshenziswa, ikhabhoni ecushiwe inesici esivamile, okungukuthi, "i-adsorption".Uma liphakeme inani le-adsorption, iba ngcono ikhwalithi yekhabhoni ecushiwe.Ungalihlonza kanjani kalula inani le-adsorption yekhabhoni ecushiwe?
1.Bheka ukuminyana: uma uyikala ngezandla zakho, ama-pores amaningi ekhabhoni ecushiwe, ayanda ukusebenza kwe-adsorption, kuncane ukuminyana, kanye nesibambo sibe lula.
2.Bheka amabhamuza: faka inani elincane lekhabhoni ecushiwe emanzini, ukhiqize uchungechunge lwamabhamuza amancane kakhulu, ukhiphe umugqa webhamuza omncane, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo wenze umsindo webhamuza ongenamandla.Uma kwenzeka lesi simo sishuba kakhulu, isikhathi eside, kuba ngcono ukukhabhoni kwekhabhoni ecushiwe.
Izinzuzo zekhabhoni ecushwe ngamalahle
1) Izici eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni eyenziwe ngamalahle esekelwe ngamalahle ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini ephansi, intengo ephansi, isivinini sokukhangisa esisheshayo kanye nokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile ekungcolisweni kwamanzi kwesikhathi esifushane nokuzumayo.
2) Ukwengezwa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe esekwe kumalahle kunomphumela osobala ekususeni umbala.Kubikwa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwechroma kungafinyelela ku-70%.
I-chroma ephansi ibonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha izinto eziphilayo kuphezulu, futhi umphumela wokukhipha insimbi ne-manganese muhle.
3) Ukwengeza ikhabhoni ecushiwe esuselwa kumalahle kunomphumela osobala ekususeni iphunga.
4) Ukwengeza i-granular activated carbon esekelwe emalahleni kuyasiza ekususeni okokuhlanza kwe-anionic.
5) Ukwengezwa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe esekwe kumalahle kusiza ekususeni ulwelwe.Ukwengezwa kwe-granular activated carbon esuselwe kumalahleivimba ukumuncwa ukukhanya kolwelwe, futhi inomphumela osobala wokuhlangana emthonjeni wamanzi nge-turbidity ephansi, okuwusizo ukususa ulwelwe ekujikeni kwenhlabathi.
6) Ukwengezwa kwekhabhoni ecushwe ngamalahle kunciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwekhemikhali komoyampilo kanye nesidingo sezinsuku ezinhlanu komoyampilo wamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo.Ukwehla kwalezi zinkomba, okuhlobene kahle nezinga lokungcoliswa kwemvelo emanzini, kubonisa ukususwa kwezinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi emanzini.
7) Ukwengeza ikhabhoni ecushiwe esekwe ngamalahle kunomphumela omuhle ekukhipheni ama-phenol.
8) Ukwengezwa kwempuphu ye-carbon eyenziwe ngamalahle esekelwe ngamalahle kunciphisa kakhulu ukungcola kwamanzi angcolile futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lamanzi ompompi.
9) Umphumela wokwengeza ikhabhoni ecushiwe esuselwa kumalahle ku-mutagenicity yamanzi ingasusa ngempumelelo ukungcola kwemvelo.Kuyindlela elulangcono izinga lamanzi okuphuza ngenqubo evamile.
Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta i-carbon activated adsorption
1.Uma kukhudlwana imvelo nendawo engaphezulu ye-carbon adsorbent ecushiwe, kulapho amandla okukhangisa aqina khona;I-Actiated carbon iyi-molecule engeyona i-polar,
2.Imvelo ye-adsorbate incike ekuncibilikeni kwayo, amandla amahhala angaphezulu, i-polarity, usayizi nokungagcwalisi kwama-molecule e-adsorbate, ukugcwala kwe-adsorbate, njll.okulula ukukhangisa i-non-polar noma i-polar adsorbate ephansi kakhulu;Ubukhulu bezinhlayiya ze-carbon adsorbent ecushiwe, ukwakheka nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana ezinhle kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezingaphezulu nakho kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhangiseni.
3.Inani le-PH lamanzi angcolile kanye nekhabhoni ecushiwe ngokuvamile anezinga eliphakeme lokukhangiswa esixazululweni esine-asidi kunesisombululo se-alkali.Inani le-PH lizothinta isimo nokunyibilika kwe-adsorbate emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte umphumela we-adsorption.
4. Uma izinto ezikhona kanye nezikhangisi eziningi zikhona, amandla okukhangisa ekhabhoni ecushiwe ku-adsorbate ethile mabi kakhulu kunalawo okuqukethe kuphela le-adsorbate.
5.Izinga lokushisa kanye nezinga lokushisa kunethonya elincane ekufakweni kwekhabhoni ecushiwe
6.Isikhathi sokuxhumana: qinisekisa ukuthi kunesikhathi esithile sokuxhumana phakathi kwekhabhoni ecushiwe kanye ne-adsorbate ukuze wenze i-adsorption ibe eduze nokulingana nokusebenzisa ngokugcwele umthamo we-adsorption.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-21-2023